Physical Development During Toddler Years - 925 Words

Toddler years are from 12 to 36 months. It is the time of intense exploration of the environment as children figure out how everything works, what the word â€Å"no† means, and the power of temper tantrums, negativisms, and obstinacy. With this age, parent required a strong foundation of trust during infancy and frequently necessitates guidance from others when parent and toddler face the struggles of toilet training, limit setting, and sibling rivalry (Hockenberry Wilson, 2015). For physical development during toddler years, they should gain about 4 to 6 lbs a year and height increases about 3 inches a year. By 2 years old, their average weight should be 26.5 lbs and the average height is 34 inches (Hockenberry Wilson, 2015). The gross motor skills in toddler physical development, the child should be able to stand-alone well by 12 months and be able to walk around 12-15 months. By 16-18 months, the child would be able to learn to walk backward or even up the steps. By 24 months the child can jumps in place, and ride a tricycle and stands briefly on one foot by 36 months. As for fine motor skills, they should be able to scribbles by 15-18 months, use a spoon by 24 months, and copy a circle by 36 months. It is important to educate parents about this physical development information because it will let the parents to understand and notice any late stage development so they can notify the physician to evaluated on the toddler (Toddler development, 2014). In the cognitiveShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of A Healthy Development For Children s Development Essay1612 Words   |  7 Pageschild’s life for the development of skills needed throughout their lifetime. That is why it is very important to promote a healthy development for each of the development areas. This report presents information on toddlers and how they develop in each of the different development domains, cognitive, physical, language and social-emotional. It looks at the theories created by Jean Piaget, Arnold Gesell, Noam Chomsky and Erik Erikson to help support the different developments. Lastly, provides strategiesRead MoreDevelopmental Stages Of Child Development1146 Words   |  5 PagesEvery child is different, and so is every parent s experience; but experts have gained a clear idea about the range of normal development from birth to the time of a person’s death. Although most child development experiences are not going to be the same due to the di fferentiation between culture and genetics, there are developmental milestones every child should experience within a certain range of age. Some of the most apparent factors of a child’s developmental stages are genetics, parentingRead MoreIs Entertainment Technology Beneficial?902 Words   |  4 Pagestwo full years for a baby s brain to develop to the point where the symbols on the screen come to represent their equivalents in the real world† (Healthy Children). Exposure to entertainment technology from the age’s birth to two years of age has negative effects. These effects include delayed cognitive development, language, social emotional and physical developments of the child. The first three years of a child s life are the most important for brain development. During these years the child’sRead MoreObservation: Infant and Toddler Development1568 Words   |  7 PagesObservation: Infant and Toddler Development There are various factors that play a role in a child’s development. Based on several articles I will be discussing the physical, cognitive, and social development of infants and toddlers. The level of exposure to these various factors will determine how successful they develop in years to come. All children develop at their own rate and no two children are the same. The development of the child is based solely on child’s caregiver to provide these essentialRead MoreUniversal Needs Of Infants And Toddlers1651 Words   |  7 Pages Three universal needs of infants and toddlers Infancy is an important stage of life. At this stage, babies and toddlers will have universal developments or needs which can connect physical, cognitive, language, social, emotional domain of development. I would like to discuss three universal needs, which are important for the infant / toddler learning and development foundations. There are exploring the world, learning from observation, Infancy is one of the periods which has most exploring spiritRead MoreHow Do Infants And Toddlers Develop Their Cognitive Abilities?1372 Words   |  6 Pagesinfants and toddlers develop their cognitive abilities? Essentially, the formative years of research on the aspect of cognitive growth in infants made certain assumptions, for instance, an infant growth was significantly simplified. However, modern research indicates that there is a complex pattern of cognitive development in infants. To answer the question, it is imperative to start by understanding what the cognitive aspect of the development of infants is. Ideally, infants and toddlers do not onlyRead MoreGrowth and Development of Children Essay1716 Words   |  7 PagesIn terms of physical characteristics, the average height and weight for a two year old is thirty-four inches tall and twenty –eight pounds. Over time, their head growth will slow, from 3⠁„4 inch (2 cm) in their second year alone to 3⠁„4 to 1 1⠁„4 inches (2–3 cm) over the next ten years. The child’s posture will change as well during the toddler years. These physical changes are due to improved muscle tone, which is cause for a more e rect posture, thus giving the child a taller, and more lean appearanceRead MoreField Research Paper Education During Infancy1531 Words   |  7 PagesResearch Paper Education during Infancy Virginia Baccellia Psych/600 March 3, 2014 University of Phoenix Field Research Paper Education during Infancy The most important stages in an individual’s life begins at the early development stage through infancy. During this stage, cognitive and emotional development body, along with physical growth during this process. Cognition development is necessary through this phase as it gathers information and deciphers it correctly. During this phase, the personRead MoreThe Impact Of Teachers, School Social Workers And On An Infant And Toddler Biological Psychological, And Social Emotional Domain1276 Words   |  6 PagesSummary of Article The article outlines the impact of teachers, school social workers and paraprofessionals on an infant and toddler biological psychological, and social-emotional domain. According to Hutchison, an infant is a young child from birth to the first year of life. A toddler is a young child from about 12 to 36 months of age.  When engaging with this target group it is important to include and educate the parents as the newborn enters a developmental niche. Hutchinson defines a developmentalRead MoreTransitional Objects Of A Child1300 Words   |  6 Pagesand what role they play in the development of a child. A transitional object is a physical object that helps toddlers to transit emotionally from a stage of dependence to a stage of independence. The toddler thinks that the object is part of it, and this transition stage enables the toddler to realize that the mother is not me as well as separateness of other objects. These objects become vitally important to a toddler when going to s leep and as a defense during anxiety. A transitional object plays

Minimum Wage Regulations Strike At The Very Heart Of The...

As a form of price control, minimum wage legislations strike at the very heart of the free enterprise system. The father of economics, Adam Smith explained in his masterpiece, â€Å"The Wealth of Nations†, that â€Å"the price system is the communication mechanism that coordinates, motivates, and harmonizes the actions of consumers and entrepreneurs†. His renown metaphor and philosophy of the â€Å"Invisible Hand† captured the idea that free-market pricing system molds individual self interest into extensive economic betterment for the general society and draws healthy competitions among different industries. With that said, it is apparent that minimum wage laws simultaneously violate the principles of the â€Å"invisible hand† as well as multiple values of the U.S. Constitution as they essentially disrupt with the free market trading system, and robs the opportunities away from the youth due to consequences of unemployment and poverty. Before anything, clarifications on the concept of the â€Å"invisible hand† is crucial in understanding the arguments and analysis processed through my essay. The theory of the Invisible Hand states that if each consumer is allowed to choose freely what to buy while each producer is blessed with the power to choose freely what to sell and how to produce the products, the market will settle on an equilibrium of prices and distributions that are constructive and beneficial to every individual members of a community, therefore benefit to the community as a whole. TheShow MoreRelatedEmployee Remuneration13571 Words   |  55 PagesINTRODUCTION 1. MEANING OF WAGE/ COMPENSATION PAYMENT: Wage is a monetary payment made by the employer to his employee for the work done or services rendered. It is a monetary compensation for the services rendered [1]. A worker may be paid Rs. 100 per day or Rs. 4500 per month. This is wage payment. 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For all the magnificent testimonies to man’s superior skill and intellect in producing today’s level of cultural development, he still has to find the solution to mass poverty. Whether the government would admit it or not, it is very clear even with our bare eyes that we our suffering a lot from poverty .But what is poverty anyway? Let first define poverty so we can have a clear understanding with what are we going to discuss. From a Webster dictionary, poverty means ‘lack of moneyRead MoreWhat Are the Causes of Poverty in Philippine Economy?4902 Words   |  20 Pagesfacing mass poverty. For all the magnificent testimonies to man’s superior skill and intellect in producing today’s level of cultural development, he still has to find the solution to mass poverty. Whether the government would admit it or not, it is very clear even with our bare eyes that we our suffering a lot from poverty .But what is poverty anyway? 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Hamlet and the spanish tragedy Essay Example For Students

Hamlet and the spanish tragedy Essay The Spanish Tragedy is very often referred to as one of Shakespeares sources for Hamlet. In fact, both are revenge tragedies and there are some very solid and outstanding parallelisms between the two plays. Some aspects of this connection are studied in this essay. As for the common characteristics, we can list for example: jealousy, the protagonists contemplating suicide, additional scenes in which lovers are spied on by family members, characters who go insane, the ghost of a murdered man who desires revenge, the play within the play and we could continue. Both tragedies begin with the frame story of a death and have a similar structure with extraordinarily violent murder scenes. They are similar with respect to the amount of people dying on stage. So, both of them seem to follow the conventions of revenge in the Elizabethan theatre. However, they are remarkably different on a secondary level where what is important is not the what but the how despite the common framework. The Spanish Tragedy is categorized among the so-called primitive revenge plays. While this drama can be depicted more or less in the context of the revenge and the action, Hamlet is far more than a pure strategy of revenge. This means that Shakespeare penetrates in far more dimensions than Kyd does, that is where Hamlets complexity comes from. Although Hieronimos sense of the difference between right action and wrong action is often obscured, it never becomes totally uncertain. The supernatural chorus provides constant support and external evidence for him about what he has to do. In contrast, Hamlet does not have any kind of external norms or standards, he is deprived of both supernatural and moral certainty, and so he will hesitate and wait more, he will be tortured by this internal battle which is symbolised by his madness even if it is only pretended. Madness is, in fact, a basic point in any revenge tragedy. In the one, it is a result of the passionate resentment towards the murder, and in Hamlet, it is pretended in order to ease action. The Spanish Tragedy is straightforward; Hamlets soul is no more predictable. It illustrates for us that Shakespeare opened a new dimension of psychology, a more complex one, where the characters and especially Hamlet are not flat as in the primitive revenge tragedies, but poly-dimensional, flexible figures. Hamlets nature is more difficult to define than Hieronomos. As a result of this complexity, one plot is never enough in Hamlet to see his relationships towards the others. While the Spanish Tragedys protagonist is directed on his way, Hamlet takes control of the destiny and makes it his own play. The one fulfils, the other creates. Although revenge was banned both by the teaching of the Church and by the political authority, for Elizabethan people, it was very important to see it at least on stage. They desired justice. Another interesting difference follows from it. While the motive of Hamlet is totally acceptable, Hieronimo is in fact preparing the revenge of a legal murder, in other words, this death was a fair one even in from the point of view of the audience of that time, as it took place during a battle. This fact results in a certain ambiguity in The Spanish Tragedy, which is not at all present in Hamlet. That is what moves the reader much more in Hamlet, that is what makes the reader feel Hamlets feelings, as they are much more human. Complex human feelings versus one-dimensional conducted hero. Both tragedies have one or two female protagonists. In fact, the role of love is very important although it has nothing to do with the matter of the revenge. It makes the situation even more complex. In the Spanish tragedy, Bel-Imperia is a central person, a positive heroine. .ud14623ed8a115fdad7f0341bb8654c35 , .ud14623ed8a115fdad7f0341bb8654c35 .postImageUrl , .ud14623ed8a115fdad7f0341bb8654c35 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud14623ed8a115fdad7f0341bb8654c35 , .ud14623ed8a115fdad7f0341bb8654c35:hover , .ud14623ed8a115fdad7f0341bb8654c35:visited , .ud14623ed8a115fdad7f0341bb8654c35:active { border:0!important; } .ud14623ed8a115fdad7f0341bb8654c35 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud14623ed8a115fdad7f0341bb8654c35 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud14623ed8a115fdad7f0341bb8654c35:active , .ud14623ed8a115fdad7f0341bb8654c35:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud14623ed8a115fdad7f0341bb8654c35 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud14623ed8a115fdad7f0341bb8654c35 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud14623ed8a115fdad7f0341bb8654c35 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud14623ed8a115fdad7f0341bb8654c35 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud14623ed8a115fdad7f0341bb8654c35:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud14623ed8a115fdad7f0341bb8654c35 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud14623ed8a115fdad7f0341bb8654c35 .ud14623ed8a115fdad7f0341bb8654c35-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud14623ed8a115fdad7f0341bb8654c35:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The concept of love at first sight in Shakespeare's comedies EssaySeveral lines depart from her, and she is one of the reasons why the ghost of Andrea is suffering. The parallel role may be assigned to Ophelia in Hamlet, but she is not a central person and her role is a matter of discussion. The image of a lover in the beginning changes to that of a spy, a traitor. Hamlet is not influenced by her and sends her away without hesitation. The longing for revenge was much dominate than love. If we say that his madness was pretended, maybe we should hesitate a little here. If an idea is able to suppress another one like love, that must be a kind of madness. But in Hamlet, there is another female figure, Gertrude, Hamlets mother. If jealousy does not play a role in connection with love, it does in connection with the mother. So, we may say that the central female image of the Spanish Tragedy is present in Hamlet as well, but this time divided into two. (And let alone Freud with his Oedipus complex. ) Here, love and jealousy do not refer to the same person. What is common, however, is that in both plays, another man took the ghosts wife or lover after his death. So, on the whole, we can conclude that The Spanish Tragedy is not considered to be one of the most important sources by accident, there are many convincing references which point out their connection. The motivations of the similarities are certainly the Elizabethan revenge-play conventions, which are respected in both cases. However, Hamlet is more profound in some respects, which derives from its authors being a genius. That is what makes the distinction between the two plays in terms of primitive however not with the meaning of simple or underdeveloped and complex revenge plays.

John Fitzgerald Kennedy

At a relatively young age of forty-three, John Fitzgerald Kennedy took the oath of office as the president of the United States of America. Handsome, with a friendly face that projected a sense of assurance and with a beautiful wife by his side, JFK, as he was popularly known, captured the imagination of the American nation.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on John Fitzgerald Kennedy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More He came across as a dedicated family man, a loyal husband, and a proud father. Prior to his inauguration in 1961, he had supposedly authored a bestselling book that won him the much-coveted Pulitzer Prize. His bravery and life-saving acts as a marine officer after his ship was sunk during the World War II, was an example of his courage, selfless attitude, and patriotism. In his brief, if not ephemeral, presidency, the United States’ economy grew considerably and the unemployment rate was at accepta ble low single digit levels. His inaugural speech was a study in optimism, and it stirred a sense of patriotism and hope in Americans, urging them to offer themselves for their country and not wait for their country to offer something to them. Nevertheless, President Kennedy fails the test of historical analysis, which is the ultimate test of a leader’s credibility. However, beyond the rhetoric and carefully projected media image, laid a President J. F Kennedy that many Americans, who freely adored would find questionable, and even revolting. His career as a politician from his days as a congressman and senator indicate that, he was mostly absent from the house, gave very few speeches, and participated in few debates of national significance. His alleged authorship of the Pulitzer Prize winning book, Profiles in Courage, cannot be ascertained, and many critics and historians agree that his participation in the actual writing and research of the content of the book was negligi ble. Therefore, his claim of authorship and the subsequent awards given are invalid. President Kennedy’s love of women was legendary. J.F Kennedy engaged in numerous extra-marital affairs that sometimes put the country’s security at risk. Some of the many women that had access to the president were hardly vetted by the Secret Service, which put the president at risk of blackmail. His narrow victory in the presidential election – with slightly over 100,000 votes, has been attributed to the help of some Mafia elements within the City of Chicago and the wider Illinois State. President Kennedy’s dalliance with the Mafia, thus, exposed him to even greater risk of exploitation, and there is documented evidence of his secret communication with known mob Bosses such as Sam Giancana (Hersh 45). His appointment of his brother as Attorney General also had a hint of nepotism.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first p aper with 15% OFF Learn More In light of the above evidence of President Kennedy’s lack of positive moral persuasion, he is a figure not to be revered as has happened so much after his death, but to be reviled. Many Americans, as shown in many polls, consistently regard President Kennedy as one of America’s greatest Presidents. Together with Abraham Lincoln, President Kennedy continuously polls as the greatest ever president. As a symbol of youth and optimism throughout his presidency, his tragic assassination traumatized the American public that looked forward to many more years with the ‘perfect’ and picturesque Kennedy family at the White house. His death signalled a sad moment in the American history, with both supporters and opponents alike, wondering ‘what might have been’ had President Kennedy lived out his full term of office, and maybe even won a second term. The national outpouring of sympathy was impartial, and the figure o f his brave widow and children at his burial service has remained forever etched in the minds of most Americans. Waves of sympathy and condolences came not only from within America, but also worldwide. His death gave rise to many conspiracies concerning his killers, and to this very day, many theories abound regarding the motives behind his assassination. In light of the circumstances surrounding his brief presidency and his sudden death in the hands of an assassin, (purportedly Lee Harvey Ostwald), the subsequent analysis of his presidency, character, and policies were bound to be heavily partial. To paint the fallen president in a bad light would amount to re-opening the healing national wounds wrought by his sudden assassination. Very few publications focused on the multitude of President Kennedy’s moral and political transgressions while in office and prior as a senator and congressional representative. Kitty Kelley, who is famed for digging up the secrets of famous perso nalities and prominent families, was one of the earliest writers to attempt to bring to light President Kennedy’s moral failings. She highlighted the case of Judith Exner, who had previously revealed her longstanding eighteen-month affair with President Kennedy in the years 1960-61. As a Roman Catholic, President Kennedy is the only president in the US history to profess the Catholic faith. Although many viewed his religion as an indicator of his positive moral standing, he hardly practiced the teachings of his faith. Many of his actions were in complete contravention of the tenets of the catholic faith. His wife once remarked to a reporter that, it was ironic that, during the presidential campaigns, people were focusing on her husband’s faith yet he hardly practiced it (Massa 308).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on John Fitzgerald Kennedy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Painfully aware of her husba nd’s philandering ways, Jacqueline Kennedy, his wife, was left to uphold the image of the first family in a positive light. In his book, The Dark Side of Camelot, published in 1997, investigative journalist, Seymour Hersh, depicts President Kennedy’s numerous adulterous relationships and portrays him as a serial womanizer (p18). Hersh alleges that the President was even once married to Miss Durie Malcolm, and thus in marrying Jacqueline Kennedy, he had committed bigamy. According Hersh, although President Kennedy publicly portrayed himself as an ambassador of peace, his administration, in partnership with the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), was guilty of assassinations of leaders of sovereign countries. For instance, Hersh declares that the President was fully aware of the CIA’s plot to eliminate Patrice Lumumba of the Congo, and Lumumba’s eventual death can be traced to President Kennedy’s approval. The CIA was also intensively involved in the campaign to eliminate Cuba’s Fidel Castro, and both President Kennedy and Attorney General, Robert Kennedy, were the prime movers of the idea. President Kennedy was always portrayed as fit, and he appeared so, but according to Thomas C. Reeves, he was plagued by a multitude of diseases throughout his lifetime. In his 1991 book, A question of Character: A life of John F. Kennedy, Reeves portrays the president to have had two personalities: the one he projected in public, and a private one. Publicly, the president came across as an affable and astute, but his private life was anything but what many people thought. Reeves asserts that, not only was President Kennedy a lazy person, but also was one of the most philandering presidents to have occupied the White House. He asserts the notion that the president did not author his Pulitzer Prize winning book, Profiles in Courage, and was a beneficiary of the work of his subordinates. Reeves further states that, the 1960 presidential e lection was tainted by fraud facilitated by the Chicago mafia bosses (77). The office of the President of the United States is the highest political office of the strongest and mightiest nation on earth. In and of itself, the office demands a certain level of respect and reverence. Therefore, the cavalier manner in which President Kennedy perceived the high office of the US Chief executive diminished the status of the office. His careless amoral acts, including his hedonistic pursuits inside and outside the walls of the oval office depict a President who did not take his role and title seriously.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According Victor Lasky, President Kennedy’s public profile deferred sharply with his private profile. In his book, J.F.K.: the Man and the Myth, Lasky expounds on the various malpractices by President Kennedy, and he is one of the earliest critics of the president having published his book in 1963. Lasky asserts that, the American public only saw the president as a capable and morally upright man due to efforts by his handlers to project this mythical image (27). The true President Kennedy was reckless and opportunistic and continuously placed the American nation at a high security risk due to his careless dalliance with many call girls and mafia bosses. As the United States and the Soviet Union engaged in the early tensions that characterised the onset of the Cold War, President Kennedy’s flirtations with call girls, who did not receive security clearance from the Secret Service, could very well have exposed him to a situation of blackmail by elements from the Soviet Union. In conclusion, President John F Kennedy’s legacy does not deserve reverence. As stated earlier, some positives came out of his brief stay as America’s chief executive. The economy grew by folds, and the levels of unemployment were low. President Kennedy’s impressive speech delivery skills inspired millions across the United States and the world. For a while, Americans begun to believe in the possibilities of a peaceful and prosperous nation envisioned by the nation’s founding fathers. For instance, after President Kennedy signed the nuclear non-proliferation treaty with the Soviet Union, the world was able to overcome the fears of a possible nuclear war. However, the above-mentioned positives count for little when juxtaposed against President Kennedy’s personal and political failures and transgressions. He fails the test of historical analysis, which is the ultimate test of a leader’s credibility. His absenteeism from the Congress and the senate throughout his career as a legislator points to a politician not keen on his work. His philandering ways put the entire nation at risk and left his wife feeling ashamed and abandoned. He developed various diseases, as a result. His dalliance with the mafia denigrated the high office of the president. Even though Kennedy may have made some modest accomplishments in his presidency, one cannot help but wonder how much more he could have achieved if he had forgone the many unnecessary pleasures he sought. His enormous potential was stifled by his own lifestyle choice, and the American people were denied the complete potential of his presidency, not by an assassin’s bullet, but by the president’s own carefree moral attitude and hedonistic pursuits. Works Cited Hersh, Seymour. The Dark Side of Camelot. London: Harper Collins, 1997. Lasky, Victor. J.F.K: The Man and the Myth. New York: Macmillan Publishers, 1963. Massa, Mark S. â€Å"A Catholic for president?: Jo hn F. Kennedy and the `secular’ theology of the Houston speech, 1960.† Journal of Church State 39.2 (1997): 307-331. Reeves, Thomas C. A Question of Character: A Life of John F Kennedy. New York: Free Press, 1991. This essay on John Fitzgerald Kennedy was written and submitted by user Swarm to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Dunnes Flea

The suitor in â€Å"The Flea† argues that his girlfriend should stop being a prude. She worries about and he attempts to convince her that her honor is not at stake. He asks his mistress to notice only â€Å"this flea.† The desperate lover is groping for a symbol of union with his damsel. He explains that the flea has bitten them both. He reasons that since their bloods have mixed inside the flea’s body, they have already be aggregated. In essence, the swelling of the insect with "one blood made of two" is a surrogate pregnancy of their marriage. Therefore, their fornication would not result in a novel loss of innocence or honor. Furthermore, the suitor uses his contrived metaphor of mixed bloods to employ guilt as a tactic for persuasion. He argues that if she would kill the flea, then she would be guilty of three sins. She would commit murder, because it is impossible for him to live on if faced with her sexual reluctance. Secondly, since her own blood is mixed with the flea’s, shedding the flea’s blood would be comparable to suicide. Thirdly, the flea is the institution in which their â€Å"wedding† took place. Therefore, it would be sacrilege to destroy it. However, the yearning lover’s analogy comes to bear contradictory meanings. One idea presented is that their sexual activity is of minute significance. Donne says†Mark but this flea, and mark in this, How little that which though deny’st me is.† He then writes about high crimes and grave sins. At first he is flippant; he belittles the significance of the relations they might have. He claims that if the same effects can be realized within the body of a tiny flea, then the act itself cannot be of tremendous importance. Then, after a theological examination, the shedding of the blood within the flea is compared to multiple murders. If the existence of a mix of their bloods represents an activity of minute significance, its unraveling should not be compared to mu... Free Essays on Dunne's Flea Free Essays on Dunne's Flea The suitor in â€Å"The Flea† argues that his girlfriend should stop being a prude. She worries about and he attempts to convince her that her honor is not at stake. He asks his mistress to notice only â€Å"this flea.† The desperate lover is groping for a symbol of union with his damsel. He explains that the flea has bitten them both. He reasons that since their bloods have mixed inside the flea’s body, they have already be aggregated. In essence, the swelling of the insect with "one blood made of two" is a surrogate pregnancy of their marriage. Therefore, their fornication would not result in a novel loss of innocence or honor. Furthermore, the suitor uses his contrived metaphor of mixed bloods to employ guilt as a tactic for persuasion. He argues that if she would kill the flea, then she would be guilty of three sins. She would commit murder, because it is impossible for him to live on if faced with her sexual reluctance. Secondly, since her own blood is mixed with the flea’s, shedding the flea’s blood would be comparable to suicide. Thirdly, the flea is the institution in which their â€Å"wedding† took place. Therefore, it would be sacrilege to destroy it. However, the yearning lover’s analogy comes to bear contradictory meanings. One idea presented is that their sexual activity is of minute significance. Donne says†Mark but this flea, and mark in this, How little that which though deny’st me is.† He then writes about high crimes and grave sins. At first he is flippant; he belittles the significance of the relations they might have. He claims that if the same effects can be realized within the body of a tiny flea, then the act itself cannot be of tremendous importance. Then, after a theological examination, the shedding of the blood within the flea is compared to multiple murders. If the existence of a mix of their bloods represents an activity of minute significance, its unraveling should not be compared to mu...

The Chronicles of Narnia and Atuhor C.S. Lewis FAQs

The Chronicles of Narnia and Atuhor C.S. Lewis FAQs What are The Chronicles of Narnia? The Chronicles of Narnia consist of a series of seven fantasy novels for children by C.S. Lewis, including The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe. The books, listed below in the order in which the C.S. Lewis wanted them to be read, are – Book 1 - The Magician’s Nephew (1955)Book 2 - The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe (1950)Book 3 - The Horse and His Boy (1954)Book 4 - Prince Caspian (1951)Book 5 - The Voyage of the Dawn Treader (1952)Book 6 - The Silver Chair (1953)Book 7 - The Last Battle (1956). These childrens books are not only very popular with 8-12 year olds, but teens and adults also enjoy them. Why has there been confusion about the order of the books? When C.S. Lewis wrote the first book (The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe) in what would become The Chronicles of Narnia, he wasn’t planning on writing a series. As you will note from the copyrights in parentheses in the book list above, the books were not written in chronological order, so there was some confusion as to the order in which they should be read. The publisher, HarperCollins, is presenting the books in the order that C.S. Lewis requested. What is the theme of The Chronicles of Narnia? The Chronicles of Narnia deals with the struggle between good and evil. Much has been made of the Chronicles as a Christian allegory, with the lion sharing many of the characteristics of Christ. After all, when he wrote the books, C.S. Lewis was a well-known scholar and Christian writer. However, Lewis made it clear that was not how he approached writing the Chronicles. Did C.S. Lewis write The Chronicles of Narnia as a Christian allegory? In his essay, Sometimes Fairy Stories May Say Best Whats to be Said (Of Other Worlds: Essays and Stories), Lewis stated, Some people seem to think that I began by asking myself how I could say something about Christianity to children; then fixed on the fairy tale as an instrument; then collected information about child-psychology and decided what age group Id write for; then drew up a list of basic Christian truths and hammered out allegories to embody them. This is all pure moonshine. How did C.S. Lewis approach writing The Chronicles of Narnia? In the same essay, Lewis stated, Everything began with images; a faun carrying an umbrella, a queen on a sledge, a magnificent lion. At first there wasnt anything Christian about them; that element pushed itself in of its own accord. Given Lewis’s strong Christian faith, that is not surprising. In fact, once the story was established, Lewis said he ...saw how stories of this kind could steal past a certain inhibition which had paralysed much of my own religion in childhood. How much of the Christian references do children pick up on? That depends on the child. As New York Times journalist A.O. Scott stated in his review of the movie version of The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe, â€Å"To the millions since the 1950s for whom the books have been a source of childhood enchantment, Lewiss religious intentions have either been obvious, invisible or beside the point.† The children I have talked to simply see the Chronicles as a good story, although when parallels to the Bible and life of Christ are pointed out, older children are interested in discussing them. Why is The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe so popular? Although The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe is the second in the series, it was the first of the Chronicles books that C.S. Lewis wrote. As I said, when he wrote it, he was not planning on a series. Of all the books in the series, The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe seems to be the one that has most captured the imaginations of young readers. All the publicity surrounding the December 2005 release of the movie version also greatly increased the public’s interest in the book. Are any of The Chronicles of Narnia on VHS or DVD? Between 1988 and 1990 the BBC aired The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe, Prince Caspian and Voyage of the Dawn Treader, and The Silver Chair as a TV series. It was then edited to create the three movies now available on DVD. Your public library may have copies available. The more recent Narnia movies are also available on DVD. A more recent movie version of The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe was released in 2005. My nine-year old grandson and I saw the movie together; we both loved it. The next Chronicles movie, Prince Caspian, was released in 2007, followed by The Voyage of the Dawn Treader, released in December 2010. For more information about the movies, go to The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe, and . Who was C.S. Lewis? Clives Staples Lewis was born in 1898 in Belfast, Ireland and died in 1963, just seven years after completing The Chronicles of Narnia. When he was nine, Lewis’s mother died, and he and his brother were sent to a series of boarding schools. Although raised a Christian, Lewis lost his faith while a teenager. Despite having his education interrupted by World War I, Lewis graduated from Oxford. C.S. Lewis gained a reputation as a Medieval and Renaissance scholar, and as a Christian writer of great influence. After twenty-nine years at Oxford, in 1954, Lewis became Chair of Medieval and Renaissance Literature at Cambridge University and remained there until he retired. Among C.S. Lewiss most well-known books are Mere Christianity, The Screwtape Letters, The Four Loves, and The Chronicles of Narnia. (Sources: Articles on the C.S. Lewis Institute Web site, Of Other Worlds: Essays and Stories)

Oce 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Oce 2 - Essay Example The Alaska Shell drilling project and the Keystone XL project worth $7 billion does not portray President Obama and his party as very environmentally friendly people in the mainstream media. The Democratic Party is looking forward to change this Image completely through various projects that are about to unfold, with environmental safety as their key concentration. Let us analyze about two such projects. Greenhouse Gas Standards for existing power plants and refineries Nearly 2.4 billion metric tons of Carbon dioxide is emitted into the US sky through the 500 power plants and the oil refineries present here. This constitutes to nearly 40% of the total Carbon dioxide emission in the country (Biello). The new rules will force the refineries and the power plants to avoid using fossil-fuel for energy and look for other alternative means like natural gas. The practical applicability of the plan is still under question. EPA is seeking the co-operation of the state governments to upgrade th e age old techniques used in the power plants and refineries. Though there is much opposition for the move from the Congress, the President had already waived a green flag for EPA to formulate the rule within the next couple of months approximately. Forcing down Carbon dioxide emission means using natural gas as alternative which is way expensive than the current methods. This will result in increased electricity and gasoline bills for the consumer. But, the government is announcing various subsidies for the power plants and oil refineries to keep the prices in check. New Source Performance Standards have framed new rules for using several items in steam generating units like its generators. It closely monitors the emissions of PM, SO2 and NOX from these equipments and orders for an upgrade if they are beyond the permitted level. Various measures like the Acid Rain program and Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants programs will be used to monitor the power plants. Petrole um refineries will be scrutinized under the Catalytic Reforming and Catalytic cracking of Sulphur plants program. President Obama's various measures to make the US environment a cleaner and greener one have resulted in complete failure in the past. The Solyndra project which received nearly $535 million aid from the US government proved to be a failure, which came as a death blow to President Obama's solar electricity dream. Similarly, the A123 system which was encouraged to create hybrid electric cars which do not pollute the environment also became a massive failure. Though the intention of these projects was good, inefficient administration and lack of advanced technologies paved way for their failure. President Obama is quite concerned about not making the same mistake again. EPA held 5 listening and discussion sessions with participants from electric power industry, petroleum refineries, environmental organizations, state and tribal representatives as well as coalition group me mbers to finalize the measures on the actions. The concerns about various parties and the difficulties in implementing the new rules were discussed in detail way back in 2011. EPA had been working on an error proof plan since then. It is only a matter of days before the new green house gas emission standards will roll out. Why is it important to control Green house gas emissions? The sun emits energy which the earth absorbs and re-emits back into the atmosphere. The over emission of green house gases

Merits and Drawbacks of Central Bank Independence Essay

Merits and Drawbacks of Central Bank Independence - Essay Example Money is important in the economy of a country due to the several functions it serves. Since central banks are charged with critical roles, it becomes challenging for most countries to decide whether the mandate of the central bank should fall under the control of the executive or whether the institution should operate autonomously and independently. This paper discusses focuses on the independence of central bank and discusses the merits and drawbacks that are associated with an independent central bank. The theoretical case for central bank independence is founded on the notion that price stability is critical and is the main objective of any monetary policy. However, politicians of a country are mainly not interested in fully safeguarding this major objective of the monetary policy since their concern is focused on the short term and politically dependent central banks. To address this, it becomes vital that the main objective of monetary policy is entrusted to agents that have a long term focus and who are not politically elected by the masses. Theoretically, central bank independence is considered to a solution to three major problems. First, this is considered to have the capacity of making it difficult for fiscal authority and policy to have relative dominance on the monetary authority and policy. Additionally, based on the models of political business cycles and partisan cycles, central bank independence is considered to provide protection to society against the distortions th at business or partisan cycles can result into. Finally, basing on the dynamic inconsistency theory, central bank independence is considered an effective way of addressing dynamic inconsistencies in monetary policy.

Rationale of the Study Essay Example for Free

Rationale of the Study Essay Computers can be scary. At least that is what many people used to think, until computers became a regular part of their lives. The fact is, computers have become more â€Å"friendly†Ã¢â‚¬â€easier for the average person to use. In addition, they are becoming more and more important and useful in many areas of our lives—including the Church. A good church provides many services to the community through outreach programs, service projects, food pantries, and youth activities. And of course, they teach the community about salvation through Jesus Christ. The Church is using computer technology to solve problems, to save money, and to better serve the Church members on the local level. Computers have also been very useful in handling the impact of Church growth over the past few years. The staff at Church headquarters would be growing much faster than it is without computer solutions. Today, many churches and other religious organizations have jumped into the technological age. Churches have found new and inventive ways to keep in touch with people and its community through the use of technology. Many of the religious charitable institutions have also realized the potential of this modern communication to help raise funds, awareness and get help to where it is needed faster and easier than before. With the ever evolving world of social networks, churches need to constantly redefine and be ready to adapt connection points with their community whether online or in person. Understanding how the live and virtual worlds can most effectively support each other will help in defining how your church can connect. Technology is definitely cool and it is important tool for reaching people today. It makes so many things easier. That is how technology can help your church. The reason why this study is conducted is to provide online information and the power to manipulate all information and processes in the most convenient and reliable way. The researchers proposed newly improvised Online Church Information System in order to help the individuals in meeting their needs.

Silas Marner :: essays research papers

A Comparison of Silas Marner and Godfrey Cass Godfrey Cass and Silas Marner are perfect foils. They each developed along similar lines but each differed at certain points. Both were affected by Eppie but Silas was the one who benefitted the most from it. Eppie’s interaction with both also shaped the way they love each’s closest people. Godfrey and Silas were both self imposed loners. Godfrey had a to keep his first wife a secret from everybody especially, Nancy Lammeter. This meant he had to keep more than a polite distance away from her. Cass had a traitor near to his heart. His brother, the theif and all around scoundrel blackmailed poor Godfrey to keep his secrets hidden. Silas was betrayed by his whole previous life. The church had let him down and his closest freind had robbed him. This supposed freind even set him up for an accusation of murder. To top it all off, Silas’s wife to be was also taken by this wolf in sheep’s clothing. This type of betrayal makes a person hate humanity especially in such a close knit community. Silas moved himself to the fringes of civilization. He cared for no one and wanted no to care for him. Both of their attitudes changed when Eppie arrived. Godfrey knew that he could marry Nancy now beacuse his old wife had died. This also showed how shallow he was. Godfrey thought he could throw money at Silas and he would be very compliant to give Eppie back to her ‘rightful’ father. Yet at the final moments of ths confrontation Eppie’s arrival unleashed a side of Silas not seen for fifteen years. He became a caring human being again. Silas took great steps to insure Eppie’s happiness even going to church again and associating with the other villagers. While the Church part was somewhat bewildering to him, the villagers were much worse. It took him months to understand what they were saying and then months more to be able to hold a conversation with them. Yet through the growth of Eppie, something took over Silas. He made more freinds and worked less on his loom. The loom was the symbol of his old life, the time when he could undterstand nor trust any one. Breaking away from the loom Demonstrated that he was human again and oculd be a part of society too. The quality of love was directly shaped by Eppie.

Follower Readiness as It Relates to Situational Leadership Model

The Concept of Follower Readiness As It Relates To Situational Leadership Model Developed by Paul Hersey and Kenneth H. Blanchard, situational leadership is a contingency model that focuses on the followers. The model suggests that successful leadership is accomplished by selecting the right leadership style, based on the level of followers readiness. Emphasis on the followers in leadership effectiveness reflects the reality that it is the followers who accept or reject the leader. Regardless of what the leader does, effectiveness depends on the actions of his or her followers. Fred Fiedler, developed the Leadership Contingency Model; and, I think that situational leadership uses the same two leadership dimensions that Fiedler identified: task and relationship behaviors. However, Hersey and Blanchard delved a step further by considering each as either high or low; and also, combining them into four specific leader behaviors: telling (high task-low relationship). The leader defines roles and tells people what, how, when, and where to do various tasks. It emphasizes directive behavior; selling (high task-high relationship). The leader provides both directive behavior and supportive behavior; participating (high relationship-low task). The leader and follower share in decision making, with the main role of the leader being facilitating and communicating; and also, delegating (low relationship-low task). The leader provides little direction or support. An example of task behavior, for instance, is when I asked my neighbor to show me how to prepare a dish referred to as â€Å"arroz con pollo† in her culture. It is a chicken and rice meal that is full of flavor and is truly delicious. She was very precise and descriptive in telling me what and how much ingredients to use. Also, she clearly explained the steps required to properly prepare the meat and rice. Four Levels of Follower Readiness The four levels of follower readiness applied to what I’ve read as follows: †¢ Level 1: the follower is unable, unwilling, or insecure; lacks confidence, commitment, and motivation. †¢ Level 2: the follower is unable but willing, motivated, or confident; lacks ability but confident with leader’s guidance. †¢ Level 3: the follower is able but unwilling or insecure about performing task alone. Level 4: the follower is able and willing or confident. A high school student, in example of a level 2 follower, is hired for his very first job as a crew member at a local fast food restaurant. Although he does not have any prior experience, he is motivated and confident that he is able to learn the task with on-the-job training provided to him by his supervisor . Four Leadership Styles Style 1, Telling: is characterized by demonstrating, guiding, explaining, and giving feedback on performance. An example, â€Å"Just stand by and observe me perform this task. I’ll give you an opportunity to try it as well, so don’t worry. Should you have any questions, please do not hesitate to ask me. I’m here to help you in any way you may need. † Style 2, Selling: is characterized by coaching, persuading, instructing, and clarifying. It is very similar [in terms of structure] to Style 1. The difference is found in the higher amount of supportive behavior provided by the leader, whom engages in more listening and advising. If necessary, the leader will help the follower gain necessary skills through coaching methods. Style 3, Participating: is characterized by supporting, collaborating, facilitating, and reinforcing. The leader shares responsibility for decision-making; the leader does not tell or direct the follower. Style 4, Delegating: is characterized by a hands-off approach that gives the follower room to make and implement decisions. Matching Leadership Style to Follower Readiness: Situational Leadership Model R1/S1-Directing low readiness, telling: The follower has low ability, low willingness; lacks motivation and/or insecure. The leader has high task focus, low relationship focus. It may be a situation where a follower cannot perform a task or lacks confidence (motivation). In this case, the leader will take a guiding role by telling the follower what to do, how to do, and when to do without any concern for the relationship. R2/S2-Guiding low-to-moderate readiness: The follower has some ability and is willing; motivated and confident. The leader provides high direction combined with high support. Coaching is still needed because of followers limited experience. Also, two-way communication is highly used to build followers motivation and confidence to learn new things. R3/S3- Supporting moderate-to-high readiness: The follower has high competence, is able but unwilling or insecure. The leader has high relationship focus and low task focus. In this case, the follower is capable of performing a task but is refusing to do so. The leader needs to be available and become a good listener, in essence, find out why the follower is refusing; hence, persuading them to cooperate by encouraging the follower to take the lead. R4/S4-Delegating to high readiness: The follower has high ability and high willingness; secure and motivated. The leader has low relationship and low task focus. At this level, followers have less need for support or praise. They have sufficient knowledge, skill, and confidence to perform the task. Although feedback and recognition is not a strong desire, it is welcomed by the follower. Followers need the leader to provide them enough space to [independently] get the job done. The leader gains more freedom at this level and may keep watch from a distant to ensure all is well according to the organizational goals. Leadership Style Applied by Lewis Based on the information I have learned from this case study, Lewis varied in utilizing different leadership styles based on the type of situation she was faced with during here tenure at Staples, Inc. In my initial reading of her case study, she explained that company merger distractions were going on and some issues were taking place without resolve. In this particular situation, Lewis pointed out that as a new person on board she wanted to clarify what her goals were for the organization. She wanted things to happen quickly; and, in fact she incorporated the Style 1 leadership due to follower readiness being at an R1 level. Lewis further explained that when things appeared as a new problem or when a sense of timing is obvious; she intervenes and demonstrates an effective way to complete the task to make change happen quickly. When Lewis became director of operations in 1994 for New England, she concluded that the stores were not performing highly due to a lack of effective leadership. She used the Style 1 type leadership which resulted in her replacing several store associates over a course of one year. Lewis’ leadership style was described by one of her followers as hardworking, inspiring, with disarming charm. It seems that Lewis achieved referent power based on the leadership skills she possessed and demonstrated. Based on the various opinions mentioned throughout this case study about Lewis’ leadership style, her followers gained trust, acceptance, affection, willingness to follow, and emotional involvement for her as their leader. One example is when Krasnow asked her to lead the marketing and advertising merger team. She found her followers readiness level at R3: able but unwilling or too apprehensive to do what she needed as a leader to accomplish her goals. Lewis found her followers exceedingly disconnected from the strategic objectives of merchandising and operations. She adapted the leadership style 2 behavior because she believed if they knew more about each other (in terms of each other’s job responsibilities) and the marketing results, inclusive of knowing more about company’s overall objectives, they would do a better job. One of Lewis’ followers described her leadership style as a style 3 explaining that, â€Å"She asks the kind of questions that provoke real interaction, so it really is a joint discussion. . . In another example of follower readiness is when Lewis was asked to move into merchandising as vice president and divisional manager for furniture and decorative supplies. She entered the department as an â€Å"outsider† and the people who reported to her followers had a strong experience base. Lewis couldn’t afford to waste time having her followers teach her because she needed matters to repair quickly. As a result, Lewis used the participating leadership style #3, which she shared the responsibility for decision making with her followers, however, facilitating and communicating with them as well. One follower maintained that he initially worried that Lewis were a micro-manager, but he soon realized that she inspires dialogue and debate to ensure that her team dug deeply in their decision making. The readiness level of her followers on this team was at a R4: both able and willing to do what was asked of them. Lewis and her team developed a successful strategy for turning the department around by â€Å"replacing over 75% of product assortment. † Although Lewis started off by using leadership Style 1 as director of operations, she shifted her leadership style according to the maturity of her followers in each situation. As the maturity of her followers improved to her organizational goals, she shifted her leadership style ranging from a â€Å"telling† style 1 to a â€Å"selling† style 2, to a â€Å"participating† style 3; and, finally, to a â€Å"delegating† style 4. Suesse, J. M. (2000). Jeanne Lewis at Staples, Inc. (A) (Abridged). Boston: Harvard Business School Publishing. Pp. 1-14 (78-91). Hersey, P. , Blanchard, K. H. , and Johnson, D. E. (2008). Management of organizational behavior-leading human resources (9th edition). New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc.

Organization Planning, Project Management and Information

Application: Organization Planning, Project Management, and Information Technology The successful implementation and subsequent meaningful use of information technology solutions within a health care organization is a challenging and iterative process. The organization must engage in careful and ongoing strategic and tactical planning to ensure that the implemented technology will ultimately be effective and beneficial for its practitioners, staff, and patients.To prepare for this Application Assignment, review the information presented in this week’s Learning Resources on strategic and tactical planning for health information technology and the application of project management methodology by health care organizations to facilitate the implementation of its technology solutions. To complete this Application Assignment, write a 2- to 3-page paper in which you: Distinguish between strategic planning and tactical planning within an organization, delineating at least two key diff erences between them.Characterize the relationship between strategic planning and information technology, with consideration given to how this relationship ultimately benefits a health care organization. Explain how the application of project management methodology benefits an organization and, in the context of a health care organization, how it facilitates the implementation of that organization's information technology solutions. What does a healthcare organization do when they see the need for change or something new, like the advancement of information technology?Firstly, the organization needs to develop goals and that can be obtained by planning (Society for Human Resource Management, 2102). Now the organization needs to know how and when this change is going to take place (Project Management for Development Organizations, 2011). This paper will discuss in better detail in what takes place in organizational planning, project management, and information technology. Health care organizations have to plan so they will meet the expectations of their patrons and everyone within the organization.These health care organizations have two types of planning to follow, and they are tactical and strategic planning. When tactical planning takes place, there is a short term goal in mind (Society for Human Resource Management, 2102). The course of action for a tactical plan is to achieve a goal within a year or less time period (Society for Human Resource Management, 2102). A tactical plan has a smaller scope and shorter time span than a strategic plan (Society for Human Resource Management, 2102).It takes several tactical plans to achieve the strategic plan (Society for Human Resource Management, 2102). Strategic planning differs from tactical planning, because in strategic plan, the course of action is to achieve goals for the long term (Society for Human Resource Management, 2102). Strategic planning goals are usually wanted to be completed with five years (Society for Human Resource Management, 2102). The organization’s mission statement purpose and direction are reflected upon strategic planning (Society for Human Resource Management, 2102).Top management must view reports on operations, external environments and finances when looking to develop a strategic plan (Society for Human Resource Management, 2102). The development of tactical plans are influenced by strategic plans (Society for Human Resource Management, 2102). It is in every healthcare organizations interest to make a strategic plan for using information technology. Health care information technology or HIT will offer many opportunities in the United States health care delivery system (New York Health Care Commission ,n. . ). One of these opportunities would be quality improvements in the clinical setting, as well as more timely access to health information and patient records, and the reduction of medical errors (New York Health Care Commission ,n. d. ). In addition to th ese benefits of HIT, cost savings would result (New York Health Care Commission ,n. d. ). Instead of each physician’s office having a different paper copy of a patient records, HIT would allow an EHR or electronic health record (New York Health Care Commission ,n. . ). This EHR is the computerized version of patient records, so each physician would have the same access to the same patient information (New York Health Care Commission ,n. d. ). But the ultimate goal of the HIT is to allow a patient’s EHR to be access from anywhere in the country (New York Health Care Commission ,n. d. ). It is important to a health care organization to develop tactical plans for the use of information technology, because the goal is strategic. The HHS or the U. S.Department of Health ; Human Services has a strategic plan in place for the use of information technology, in which they want to improve the management on information technology performance and optimize the impact of information technology in three to five years (U. S. Department of Health ; Human Services, 2010). Project management methodology benefits an organization in several ways. With effective use, project management methodology provides a means of a cost effective use of limited resources, like funds and people (Project Management for Development Organizations, 2011).Project management methodology prevents duplication of efforts that has an impact on the organization’s developmental goals; which causes additional cost to the organization, reduces the amount of trust the organization’s donors and stakeholder to give and increases risks (Project Management for Development Organizations, 2011). The use of project management methodology helps deliver the expected outcomes to impact the community that the organization serves (Project Management for Development Organizations, 2011).More positive outcomes delivered due to a formal framework, the reduced risk of project failure, consistent re sults and increased productivity and efficiency are some benefits of project management methodology in the healthcare industry (Healthcare Information and Management Systems, 2007). Other benefits included are the improvements of quality and communications, the reduction of variability, standardization, and the increased chance of delivery to time, scope and budget (Healthcare Information and Management Systems, 2007).Project management methodology in the healthcare industry also provides a return on investments (Healthcare Information and Management Systems, 2007). There is a lot to entail when it comes to information technology at a healthcare organization because there are many projects in progress and limited resources, people and funds (Healthcare Information and Management Systems, 2007). Project management methodology provides the plan of how and when the implementation of the organization's information technology solutions needs to happen (Healthcare Information and Manageme nt Systems, 2007).This provides better fit of solution the first time through and allows problems to be resolved more quickly (Healthcare Information and Management Systems, 2007). In conclusion, organizational planning, project management, and information technology are important to a healthcare organization. Organizational planning provides the healthcare organizations with goals, from little goals to building up to more substantial ones (Society for Human Resource Management, 2102).Project management provides the healthcare organizations the ways and planning to accomplish these goals (Project Management for Development Organizations, 2011). In this stage of healthcare, information technology is the end goal because it will make practicing health more efficient and will provide better care to the patient (Healthcare Information and Management Systems, 2007). Within time, all healthcare organizations will achieve these goals. References Healthcare Information and Management System s (2007). Retrieved September 9, 2012 from http://www. imss. org/content/files/WhyHaveProjectManagementMethodology. pdf New York Health Care Commission. (n. d. ). Retrieved September 8, 2012 from website: http://www. nyhealthcarecommission. org/docs/hit. pdf Project Management for Development Organizations. (2011). Benefits of a project management methodology. Retrieved September 9, 2012 from http://www. google. com/url? sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&ved=0CCYQFjAB&url=http://www. pm4dev. com/resources/edocs/doc_download/9-benefits-of-a-project-management-methodology. tml&ei=4RtNUPrZCqGQ2QXKiIG4Cw&usg=AFQjCNGGAqhvaHnGwdgg9wbKvyK9a-WTOg&sig2=DD97M5G-24-wMPx_lgiBng Society for Human Resource Management. (2102). Could you explain the difference between strategic and tactical plans and give examples of each?. Retrieved September 8, 2012 from http://www. shrmindia. org/could-you-explain-difference-between-strategic-and-tactical-plans-and-give-examples-each U. S. Department of Healt h & Human Services. (2010). HHS enterprise information technology strategic plan . Retrieved September 8, 2012 from http://www. hhs. gov/ocio/plans/itstrategicplan. html

Federalism and How it Works

Federalism and How it Works Federalism is the process by which two or more governments share powers over the same geographic area. In the United States, the Constitution grants certain powers to both the U.S. government and the state governments. These powers are granted by the Tenth Amendment, which states, â€Å"The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.† Those simple 28 words establish three categories of powers which represent the essence of American federalism: Expressed or â€Å"Enumerated† Powers: Powers granted to the U.S. Congress mainly under Article I, Section 8 of the US Constitution.Reserved Powers: Powers not granted to the federal government in the Constitution and thus reserved to the states.Concurrent Powers: Powers shared by the federal government and the states. For example, Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution  grants the U.S. Congress certain exclusive powers such as coining money, regulating interstate trade and commerce, declaring war, raising an army and navy and to establish laws of immigration. Under the 10th Amendment, powers not specifically listed in the Constitution, like requiring drivers licenses and collecting property taxes, are among the many powers reserved to the states. The line between the powers of the U.S. government and those of the states is usually clear. Sometimes, it is not. Whenever a state governments exercise of power might be in conflict with the Constitution, we end up with a battle of â€Å"states rights† which must often be settled by the Supreme Court. When  there is a conflict between a state and a similar federal law, the federal law and powers supersede state laws and powers. Probably the greatest battle over states rights- segregation- took place during the 1960s civil rights struggle. Segregation: The Supreme Battle for State's Rights In 1954, the Supreme Court in its landmark Brown v. Board of Education decision ruled that separate school facilities based on race are inherently unequal and thus in violation of the 14th Amendment which states, in part: No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. However, several predominately Southern states chose to ignore the Supreme Court’s decision and continued the practice of racial segregation in schools and other public facilities. The states based their stance on the 1896 Supreme Court ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson. In this historic case, the Supreme Court, with only one dissenting vote, ruled racial segregation was not in violation of the 14th Amendment if the separate facilities were substantially equal. In June of 1963, Alabama Governor George Wallace stood in front of the doors of the University of Alabama preventing black students from entering and challenging the federal government to intervene. Later the same day, Wallace gave in to demands by Asst. Attorney Gen. Nicholas Katzenbach and the Alabama National Guard allowing black students Vivian Malone and Jimmy Hood to register. During the rest of 1963, federal courts ordered the integration of black students into public schools throughout the South. In spite of the court orders, and with only 2 percent of Southern black children attending formerly all-white schools, the Civil Rights Act of 1964 authorizing the U.S. Justice Department to initiate school desegregation suits was signed into law by President Lyndon Johnson. A less momentous, but perhaps more illustrative case of a constitutional battle of states rights went before the Supreme Court in November 1999, when the Attorney General of the United States Reno took on the Attorney General of South Carolina Condon. Reno v. Condon - November 1999 The Founding Fathers can certainly be forgiven for forgetting to mention motor vehicles in the Constitution, but by doing so, they granted the power to require and issue drivers licenses to the states under the Tenth Amendment. That much is clear and not at all disputed, but all powers have limits. State departments of motor vehicles (DMV) typically require applicants for drivers licenses to provide personal information including name, address, telephone number, vehicle description, Social Security number, medical information, and a photograph. After learning that many state DMVs were selling this information to individuals and businesses, the U.S. Congress enacted the Drivers Privacy Protection Act of 1994 (DPPA), establishing a regulatory system restricting the states ability to disclose a drivers personal information without the drivers consent. In conflict with the DPPA, South Carolina laws allowed the States DMV to sell this personal information. South Carolinas Attorney General Condon filed a suit claiming that the DPPA violated the Tenth and Eleventh Amendments to the U.S. Constitution. The District Court ruled in favor of South Carolina, declaring the DPPA incompatible with the principles of federalism inherent in the Constitutions division of power between the States and the Federal Government. The District Courts action essentially blocked the U.S. government’s power to enforce the DPPA in South Carolina. This ruling was further upheld by the Fourth District Court of Appeals. United States Attorney General Reno appealed the District Courts decisions to the Supreme Court. On Jan. 12, 2000, the U.S. Supreme Court, in the case of Reno v. Condon, ruled that the DPPA did not violate the Constitution due to the U.S. Congress power to regulate interstate commerce granted to it by Article I, Section 8, clause 3 of the Constitution. According to the Supreme Court, The motor vehicle information which the States have historically sold is used by insurers, manufacturers, direct marketers, and others engaged in interstate commerce to contact drivers with customized solicitations. The information is also used in the stream of interstate commerce by various public and private entities for matters related to interstate motoring. Because drivers personal, identifying information is, in this context, an article of commerce, its sale or release into the interstate stream of business is sufficient to support congressional regulation. So, the Supreme Court upheld the Drivers Privacy Protection Act of 1994, and the States cannot sell our personal drivers license personal information without our permission, which is a good thing. On the other hand, the revenue from those lost sales must be made up in taxes, which is not such a good thing. But, thats how federalism works.

Reach School College Admissions Definition

Reach School College Admissions Definition A reach school is a college that you have a chance of getting into, but your test scores, class rank and/or high school grades are a bit on the low side when you look at the schools profile. This article helps you identify schools that qualify as a reach. As you apply to colleges, its important to not underestimate yourself and rule out good schools simply because you dont think you can get in. On the flip side, it can be a waste of time and resources if you apply to colleges and universities that will certainly reject your application. What Colleges Qualify as a Reach? If the college requires standardized test scores, you should consider it a reach if your ACT or SAT scores fall below the middle 50% range presented in the college profile data.You should consider a school a reach if your GPA falls below the primary blue and green area in the ​admissions scattergram.You can get a good sense of your chance of admission by setting up a free account at Cappex.  You can sign up here: Calculate Your Chances of Getting In.You should always consider the  top U.S. colleges and top universities  to be reach schools. Most of these schools have such high admissions standards and low acceptance rates, that even top students with strong grades and standardized test scores are more likely to be rejected than admitted. How Many Reach Schools Should You Apply To? This is a tough question. More important is to make sure you apply to at least a couple  match schools and safety schools. Failure to do so might mean that you end up with nothing but rejection letters. Because reach schools end up being a sort of long-shot lottery, it might be tempting to think that applying to lots of reach schools improves your chances of getting into one. On one level, this logic is sound. More lottery tickets greater chance of winning. That said, the lottery analogy isnt entirely apt. If you bang out twenty generic applications for twenty reach schools, your chances of getting in will be slim. Students who succeed at getting into reach schools put time and care into each individual application. Your supplemental essay needs to present a clear, thoughtful, and specific argument focused on the specific features of the school to which you are applying. If a supplemental essay for one school could just as easily be used for another, you have failed to demonstrate your interest and you wont convince the admissions folk of your sincere interest in the school.   Also, make sure your reach schools really are places that you would like to attend. Every year the news covers the story of some interesting high school prodigy who got into all eight of the Ivy League schools. As impressive as this accomplishment is, it is also absurd. Why would an applicant apply to all the Ivies? Someone who is happy in the rural setting of Cornell University would probably hate the urban bustle of Columbia University. Reach schools are often prestigious, but prestige doesnt mean a school is a good match for your personal, academic, and professional interests and goals.   In short, apply to as many reach schools as you want, but make sure they really are schools youd like to attend  and make sure you can give each application the time and attention it demands. How Can I Improve My Chances at a Reach School? Apply Early Action or Early Decision. Admit rates are often more than twice as high than they are with the regular applicant pool.If an option, write a supplemental essay or send supplemental materials that clearly articulate why the reach school is a great match for your personality, interests, and goals.If you have a special talent, make sure your skills come across clearly in your application. A stellar athlete, musician, or politician has a skill set that can help make up for less-than-ideal grades and/or test scores.If you have a compelling personal story, be sure to tell it. Some applicants have overcome challenges that put grades and test scores into context and cause the admissions committee to consider the applicants potential, not just his or her previous performance. A Final Note: Be realistic when choosing a reach school. If you have a B- high school average, a 21 ACT composite, and very little on the extracurricular front, you are not going to get into Stanford or Harvard. Those universities are not reach schools; they are unrealistic fantasies. There are many excellent colleges and universities that will be a good match for you, but youd be wasting your time and application dollars by applying to schools that will certainly reject you.

Life Insurance Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Life Insurance - Research Paper Example , n.d.). The need for life insurance arises to obtain a form of financial protection against accidental incidents or deaths for which individuals are not always prepared. If insurance is ready, through payments of the premiums, then in cases of accidental deaths or incidents, individuals can be insured. Life insurances provide benefits for deaths or critical illnesses, for financial interests of individuals and family, for insurances at different stages of life, plans for retirements, loan facilities, as well as with benefits of tax payments (Why life insurance?, n.d.). The two main types of insurance are the whole life insurance and term life insurance where the whole life insurance offers for permanent insurance and term life insurance offers for insurance for certain terms or period of time (Magni, 2013). The present study discusses about life insurance with particular focus on the differences between whole life insurance and term life insurance and trying to determine which is be tter, also having an understanding of the relationship of the insurance with economic situation. II. Discussion: Term Life Insurance: Meaning: Term life insurance is defined as the policy of life insurance whose coverage period for the insurance has a set duration limit. On expiry of the policy the owner of the policy can decide on either renewing the policy or to end the coverage of the insurance plan. The benefits associated with such insurances are mainly limited up to the death of the policy owner. However in order to obtain the benefits of the plan, the death of the owner is necessary to occur within the time limit set by the term life insurance. If such time limit is passed and nothing happens to the individual, the owner does not receive any benefits from the insurance. Thus term life insurance do not provide with any savings from the investments that the policy owner makes for the insurance (Term Life Insurance, 2013). Universal Policy of Life Insurance: The universal policy of life insurance reflects that a flexible permanent life insurance is offered to the owner of the policy that requires the individual to make low cost protection payments to the insurer and also in turn obtains a savings from the insurance plan. Thus a cash value buildup is possible with the investment of this type of insurance. With the universal policy of life insurance, the owner of the policy is capable of using his interest that he gains from his savings in order to pay the premiums for the insurance. The universal policy of life insurance was initiated considering the need for more flexibility for the owners of the policy as the policy allows shifting of the invested money between the insurance and the savings from the plans. Premiums of these plans are variable and are divided into insurance and savings by the companies offering the insurances. Thus the owner of the policies is allowed to make adjustments between their payments depending upon the different circumstances tha t they belong to (Universal Life Insurance, 2013). Thus the most essential benefit of the universal policy of life insurance is its flexibility along with the permanent insurance it offers to the policy owners. It enables the policy owners to adjust depending upon their needs and conditions. Based on the policy, an interest is earned from the cash value of the insurance. This interest is based on the

Maintaining Psychological Contract is Crucial During Downturns Essay

Maintaining Psychological Contract is Crucial During Downturns - Essay Example How employee perceive obligation and to what magnitude it is fulfilled constitute the main ingredient of this psychological contract. It can be divided into subdivisions within the literature that further enumerate its framework. The two types includes transactional and relational contract. Relational psychological contract is mainly driven by socio-emotional exchanges between the employee and the organization. It involves long term undefined performance terms and promotes a mutual sense of understanding. It bonds the two parties with the commitment of promoting collective interest over personal gains. (ODonohue et al 2007). On the other hand transactional psychological contract is comprised of monetizable exchanges and are driven by short term personal interest. Both these type of contract terms blend together to provide with the important adhesive that binds the two parties with a concealed force. According to Burr and Thomas there is another form of contract which is emerging unde r the label of â€Å"ideology-infused† contract. It has a more transpersonal perspective not only transactional and relational but also for something for the society. So it demonstrates what is in it for me, us and the society. So far we were explaining psychological contract from one dimension only involving the employee and the organization. But since recent changes in the trend of hiring workers from different agencies has given rise to another form of psychological contract. This contract has two dimensions. In this setup, workers are employee of the agency hence all the essence of psychological contract perfectly applies among the two parties. The other contract is established between the employee and the client organization where he or she works. (Chambel et al 2009). This dual psychological contract is not discussed much in the literature and it is important to highlights its implication in today’s changing trend of contingent employment. Now technically there

Middle eastern humanities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Middle eastern humanities - Essay Example It is, therefore, paramount to consider the similarities and differences of the culinary traditions of the delegation from the Middle East before setting up the banquet. Middle East cooking uses generously herbs and spices. The cooks must apply various aromatics and spices in their cooking. Another characteristic of Middle Eastern cooking is the use of skewer cooking (Heine, 75). Middle Eastern cooks prefer skewer cooking to charcoal. The cooks should not use charcoal in line with this tradition. Slowly simmering the foods in unglazed covered pots is another cooking method that the cooks should consider. The banquet should consist of food types that are common among the countries of the visiting delegation. The banquet should consist of rice, wheat and stuffed vegetables dishes. In addition, the cooks should serve omelets, meatballs and scented rice puddings. The cooks should wrap the pies using paper-thin pastry. The pastries should also be nut-filled. Other food types required are fritters soaked in syrup and chopped pistachios served with almonds. Chickpeas served with spinach is a common food combination in the Middle East that must be served at the banquet. The major categories of cooking styles in the Middle East are Turkish, Arab, Iranian as well as North African. Turkish cooking is the most diverse. However, Turkish meal consists of a standard menu of meat and appetizers. Ozan (4) states that the Turkish cooking is sometimes called ‘saray’ cooking. Offering the Turkish cuisine would be good for the visiting delegation due to the popularity of this cuisine. The cuisine should consist of various types of kebab dishes, aubergine and a rice dish prepared with fish. Pastry served with meat or potatoes would also be an ideal meal. Drinks are an important accompaniment of the Turkish cuisine (Ozan, 134). The cooks should serve Turkish coffee and

Concept of Hope in Nursing

Concept of Hope in Nursing INTRODUCTION The aim of this assignment is to explore the concept of hope, which has a great significance in nursing practice, and how this concept relates to the patient care provision will also be discussed. Hope is vital for everyone, and is an inner power or expectations of something better outcomes from any situation. Hope could be renewed with the restoration of peoples confidence in themselves, their government, and the future, hope does not depend on facts or logic, nor can it simply be ordered into being, although it can be encouraged (Parse 1999). Hope is a powerful thing which gives energy to the life, to achieve goals and perditions of better life. DEFINIING THE CONCEPT Hope is defined by many authors in their own views. Some of the definitions will be undertaken to understand the concept of hope precisely in this piece of work. Hope is defined as an essential but dynamic life force that grows out of faith in God, is supported by relationship, resource and work, and results in the energy necessary to work for a desired future; Hope gives meaning and happiness (Holt 2000).It means that hope is an important part of life, and it forces the life believe in the trust. The relationship, work, and resources also support it. Hope plays a vital role to improve the patients condition and nurses utilize this concept by using their efficient nursing skills. A nurse must have to understand that how unique and different is every individual before applying this concept to motivate their inner power to believe in this concept of hope. Hope has a meaning and provides happiness. According to Miller and Powers (1988) hope is defined as an anticipation of a future whic h is good, based on mutuality (relationships with others), a sense of personal competence, coping ability, psychological well being, purpose and meaning in life, and a sense of the possible. Therefore, the concept of hope is a part of future which is very important for the better and successful life. It is based on various aspects including need to equality, means the relationship with others, personal ability and coping ability to gain planned objectives. It has a purpose and meaning in life and there is need to physical as well as psychological well being to achieve the desired result. There is also need to develop positive attitude and a feeling of possibility. Nowotny (1989) concluded that hope is a multidimensional dynamic attribute of an individual which includes six critical attribute: future oriented, active individual involvement, comes from within, related to trust, that which is hoped for is possible, involves other people or a higher being, outcome is important to the i ndividual. A person having hope has the characteristics of multilayered elements which involves six significant traits which means a person must set goals for his/her future and should develop active individual involvement physically as well as psychologically, It also correlate the person to faith which is very necessary for the possibility of hope. According to Farran et al. (1992) hope is defined as expectation about attaining some desired goal in the future, a necessary condition for action, a subjective state that can influence realities to come, and knowledge that we can manage our internal and external realities. It is a required circumstance for the action of planned goals. It is a fact which deals with the inner and outer veracity of a person. Default and Martocchio (1985) stated that hope is defined as a multidimensional dynamic life force characterized by a confident yet uncertain expectation of achieving a future good which, to the hoping person is realistically possible and personally significant. Hope is a strong positive feeling, which is related to the achievement of the goals that are established for better future. According to Snyder et al. (1991) hope is defined as a cognitive set that is based on reciprocally derived sense of successful agency (goal directed determination) and pathway (planning of ways to meet goals). Therefore, hope is an intellectual set up which depends on the sense to achieve desired goals and objectives of life. It is a way to achieve the desired objectives by well planning that includes all the methods which are going to follow. RELEVANCE OF THE CONCEPT TO PRACTICE In nursing, hope has a significant role. When a nurse gives care to the patient he/she encourages the patient to think positively by using this concept of hope. It is only hope which motivates the individuals to be positivistic towards life. This will help them to maintain good interpersonal relationship as well as it accelerates the healing process. Mickley et al. (1992) considered that a multidimensional dynamic attribute of an individual which includes the dimensions of possibility and confidence in the future outcome, active involvement which comes from relations with others and spiritual beliefs. In this, the concept of hope has multidimensional characteristics involving possibilities and confidence. This can be only achieved by the interaction with others. Here the role of a nurse is to instill hope in the patient and build confidence and motivate to perceive life positively. According to Herth (1989) Hope is a source of energy, enabling healthy coping, and influencing survival , it is positive relationship between level of hope and level of coping in the individual. The author suggests that the terms hope and coping are inter-related with each other. It has good relationship with coping and expecting. When this concept is utilized in nursing, the nurses have to consider each patients needs and cope up with their expectations and disease process. It can further result in good patient outcome. The concept of hope has great impact on the role of nurse and patient care. Hope is a motivation for the nurses which relate them for their active involvement in the work (Kulig 2002). A good working environment promotes both nurse and patient to work together. Hope is also relevant for the nurses who give palliative care to the patients (Feudtner et al. 2007). Nurses play vital role in encouraging the patients to take part in the effective management. According to Snyder (1998) hope is build upon the principle that a good deal of everyday behavior is goal directed to wards the patient care. It means that good behavior of the nurses plays an important role while giving care to the patient. Good communication with the patient by nurses can foster a positive hope, which may provide an effective way to achieve the goal. There are some barriers of hope which come forward when this concept of hope put in nursing practice. According to Jackson, et al. (2000) barriers in hope are difference in spiritual beliefs, lack of knowledge, language and communication, economical factors, lack of trust about healthcare system and accepting hospice is perceived as giving up hope. Every individual may have different views on their spirituality, lack of knowledge about disease condition withdraw a nurse to develop hope in the patient. Language and communication also can be the major barrier to motivate hope in patient. Moreover, nurses can also promote the hope in patient with good communication and motivate the patient by giving proper explanation regarding the dise ase process, its treatment and recovery. So, a nurse must have good communication skills as well as she should be a good listener. Economical barriers also affect the quality of care. Due to the financial problems one cannot afford the facilities that can be provided in good hospitals. Furthermore, different language and customs of patients can also hinder the application of the concept of hope in the nursing practice. Therefore, it is essential to know the significance of hope in nursing as well as to understand the barriers of concept in order to deliver a quality of care to the patient. CONCLUSION To sum up, in this piece of work the concept of hope, its various perspectives and characteristics have been analyzed. Moreover, its relevance in patient care in nursing practice were identified in this framework. It is obvious from above analysis that hope has a crucial role in nursing practices and in ones life. It has a great influence in the coping mechanism of the patient from illness. Nurse assumes a primary role while giving care to the terminally ill patient. Finally, Hope is a multidimensional process which boosts the patient actively to takes part in the process related to their care and for the welfare of their health.